Human ecology is a transdisciplinary science that integrates different fields of knowledge such as anthropology, biology, economics, geography, and socioecology. Researchers at Instituto Juruá are interested in understanding how cultural and psychological aspects of human beings affect their interaction with nature. Among the approaches used, the following stand out:

* Effect of culture on the use of natural resources.

* Strategies for harvesting natural resources by fishermen, hunters and extractivists.

* Human adaptation to climate change.

* Anthropic impacts on traditional communities.